Honors Chemistry

Chapter 4 Study Guide

Can you:

· Define electro magnet radiation, frequency, wavelength, amplitude, electromagnetic spectrum, quantum and photon?

· Explain what we mean when we say that nature is quantized?

· Explain what we mean by the “dual nature” of electromagnetic radiation?

· List at least one phenomenon that requires that light exist as waves, and one phenomenon that requires that light exist as particles?

· List the types of electromagnetic radiation and how they would be arranged in order of frequency, wavelength and energy per photon (electromagnetic spectrum)?

· Give the relationship between frequency, wavelength and energy per photon?

· Do calculations using the formula that relates frequency, wavelength and the speed of light?

· Do calculations using the formula that relates frequency, Planck’s Constant and the energy per photon?

· Define continuous spectrum, bright line or emission spectrum, and dark line or absorption spectrum?

· Explain how light is absorbed and emitted by an atom, such as hydrogen?

· Define ground state, excited state and energy level?

· Use an energy level diagram for a hydrogen atom to calculate the energy, frequency, wavelength and color of a photon emitted or absorbed by a hydrogen atom?

· Explain how the demonstration of light emitted by excited hydrogen atoms was proof that the electron around a hydrogen atom can only have certain specific energies and no other (i.e. that nature is quantized!)

· Define orbital?

· List the types of orbitals associated with each energy level?

· Describe the shape and orientation of orbitals for a particular atom (s and p orbitals only)?

· Give the number of electrons associated with each orbital in a particular atom?

· Explain how the principal quantum number and energy level relate to the designations we use for orbitals?

· Explain what we mean by valence electrons, and give the number of valence electrons for a particular atom?

· Give the ground state electron configuration for a particular atom?

· Draw the Lewis diagram for a particular atom?

· Convert from grams to moles, and moles to grams?

· Use mole and mass quantities in a balanced chemical equation? (i.e. mole problems!)