Honors Chemistry

Chapter 3 Study Guide

Can you:

· Explain the significance to chemistry of the Law of Definite Proportions and the Law of Multiple Proportions?

· Explain what science learned from the cathode ray tube experiments, Millikan’s oil drop experiment and Rutherford’s gold foil experiment?

· List the parts of Dalton’s Atomic Theory, and comment on the validity of each part?

· Give the name, location, mass and charge of the particles that make up atoms?

· Explain the relationship between the number of electrons an atom has and its electric charge?

· List the four forces at work in the universe and give examples of where these forces apply themselves?

· Explain how the nucleus is held together?

· Define atomic number, mass number, nucleon, isotope and atomic mass?

· Do calculations using atomic number, mass number and number of neutrons?

· Use hyphen notation and isotopic notation to identify isotopes of atoms?

· Define atomic mass unit and explain what it is based on?

· Identify the factors that affect the mass given on the periodic table for a particular element?

· Calculate the atomic mass that would be shown on the periodic table for a particular element given the precise isotopic mass and relative abundance of each naturally occurring isotope of that element?

· Define mole, and state its primary purpose?

· Explain why it was necessary to create a mole as a unit?

· Give Avogadro’s Number, explain its significance and do calculations using this number?

· Define molar mass, and calculate the molar mass of elements and compounds?

· Convert between mass of a substance and the number of moles of that substance?

· Explain the relationship between moles of substances in a chemical equation and the coefficients in that equation?

· Calculate the number of moles and the mass of a substance in a chemical equation given the moles or mass of another substance in the equation?